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Real Investment Growth
The actual increase in investments or capital expenditures made by a company or industry, indicating the expansion and development of productive assets.
Gross Profit Margin
A financial metric that expresses gross profit as a percentage of revenue, providing insight into a company's profitability and efficiency in producing goods or services.
Governance Model
A specific structure or framework designed to implement governance principles. It outlines the roles, responsibilities, processes, and decision-making mechanisms that make up the governance structure.
Job Adjustment Form
A form with a number of fields containing information about the job to be modified, either by creating, upgrading, downgrading, removing or amending the title, it should be filled out by the department requesting this amendment.
Commercial Paper
A debt instrument creating or acknowledging indebtedness that has a maturity of less than one year from the date of issue.
Tender Document
The tender documents for the privatization project include a request for expression of interest, a request for qualifications, a request for proposals, and a draft public-private partnership contract.
Cash Position
The actual amount of cash that is available in the accounts, and the expected expenses and revenues during a specified period, it is considered as one of the indicators of liquidity.
Allocation
The disbursement of funds for a purpose for which no budget line has been allocated, by using another approved budget item.
Examination and Assessment Procedures
The Zakat, Tax and Customs Authority (ZATCA) has the right to conduct an examination and assessment to verify that the taxpayer has fulfilled the obligations imposed under the Income Tax Law, and to correct or amend the tax stated in the declaration, ensuring consistency with the provisions of the Law, with the taxpayer being obligated to cooperate with ZATCA examiners and provide the requested information and documents. ZATCA also has the right to conduct a tax assessment if the taxpayer does not submit a declaration.
Household Expenditure
Household consumption expenditure is the value of spending on all goods and services consumed by members of the household during the reference period, and covers all cash expenditures on consumed goods and services in addition to the monetary value of consumption from in-kind income
Asset-Linked Recourse Debt Instrument
A debt instrument issued by a special purpose entity that entitles the holders of the debt instrument to a return determined as a percentage of the returns earned on the assets of the special purpose entity, and that the sponsor is obligated (whether by guarantee or otherwise) to the holders of the debt instrument to pay them amounts due under the debt instrument.
Corporate Finance Business
A financial field concerned with financial services and advice, offering, issuing, underwriting, repurchasing, exchanging, redeeming, or modifying the terms of securities or any related matter, and the manner in which any business is financed, structured, managed, controlled, regulated, or reported, or the terms of any of the foregoing, or relating to the persons conducting it, and any actual or proposed acquisition of control or related transactions, and mergers, demergers, or restructurings.
Merger
A transaction involving a publicly traded target company, resulting in the acquisition of the offeree company by another publicly traded company, the acquisition of the offeree company by another unlisted company, or the creation of a new legal entity through the merger of two or more companies (including the offeree company).
Legal Transaction
The tendency of the will to have a specific legal effect, and this effect is represented by the creation of a right that results from it. For example, the contracts concluded with the transfer of ownership of real estate between two parties, as it is a legal act based on the convergence of two wills, and a system that acquires real rights. The same applies to the will, as it is a legal act based on a unilateral will, and it also acquires specific rights.
Import Duties and Taxes
Customs duties and all other duties, taxes or charges which are collected on or in connection with the importation of goods, but not including any charges which are limited in amount to the approximate cost of services rendered or collected by the Customs on behalf of another national authority.
Collection of Zakat
The State represented by the Zakat, Tax, and Customs Authority (ZATCA), shall calculate the Zakat of funds subject to the Zakat, collect such funds from the Zakat payers subject to it, and transfer to the Social Security Agency for disbursement to the beneficiaries of social security.
Tendering Plan
A plan that includes the technical components of the Private Sector Participation (PSP) Project, its tendering procedures and the management of the tendering process, the applicable evaluation procedures and criteria, the Tender Documents and appendices thereto which shall be aligned with the needs of the PSP Project and achieving its objectives.
Control Plan of Budget Preparation Project
A plan that includes the activities that are carried out to monitor the budget preparation project, also monitoring schedule, the mechanism used to monitor the activities of the budget project and the performance indicators used, in addition to the concerned authorities in the monitoring process.
Financial Control
Policies, procedures and means by which operations with financial impact, are monitored and controlled, also to make sure that the internal control systems are working with the highest degree of accuracy, efficiency and effectiveness, in addition to checking the entity’s compliance with the relevant laws, regulations, manuals, instructions and decisions.
Refund Request
A request submitted by a taxable person, or his representative, to the Authority requesting a refund of the overpaid tax, or any other overpaid amounts, in accordance with the terms and conditions contained in the regulations, rules, and instructions issued by the Zakat, Tax and Customs Authority.
Tax on Goods and Services
Taxes that become payable when goods are produced, sold, transferred, leased or supplied, or when such goods and services are used for personal consumption or capital formation (including value added taxes, excise taxes and other taxes on the use of goods and on the permission to use goods or carry on activities).
Future Contract
Rights under contracts for the sale of a commodity or property of any other description under which delivery is to be made at a prospective date and at a price agreed on when the contract is made, but excluding rights under any contract which is made for commercial and not investment purposes.
Standstill Period
Ten (10) working days from the date of announcing the list of persons who expressed their interest in bidding in the PSP Project tender, the list of qualified bidders to submit proposals, the shortlist of bidders, the results of the tendering and the preferred bidder, or the end of the negotiation procedures. Five (5) working days shall be added to this period in the event of any appeal in relation to tendering and award procedures, The Supervisory Committee may reduce these periods upon the request of the Concerned Entity if it provides justifications therefor.
Competitive Value Proposition
A brief statement describing the unique benefits or value a product, service, or solution provides to its beneficiaries. This statement tells the customer why they should choose a particular offering over other options, highlighting the key features that address the customer's needs or challenges.
Remunerations and Compensations
In the Capital Market Institutions Regulations, amounts, allowances, profits and the like, periodic or annual bonuses linked to performance, long or short-term incentive plans and any other in-kind benefits, except for the actual reasonable expenses and fees incurred by the company to enable a board member to perform his duties.
Adjustment Period
The period in which the Taxable Person shall adjust previously deducted Input Tax in relation to a Capital Asset in cases where the Taxable Person’s Input Tax decreases or increases as a result of a change in the way the Taxable Person uses the Asset, or a change in the VAT status of such use.
Fund Manager
The capital market institution that carries out the management of the assets of an investment fund or a real estate investment fund, and the management of its business and offering of its units in accordance with the Investment Funds Regulations, the Real Estate Investment Funds Regulations and the Rules for Special Purposes Entities.
Sponsor
The person responsible for sponsoring the special purposes entity in accordance with the provisions of the Rules for Special Purposes Entities.
Down Payment
An initial payment made when purchasing an expensive item or securing a loan, representing a percentage of the total purchase price or loan amount.
Basic Salary
All compensation granted to an employee in return for their work under a written or unwritten employment contract, regardless of the type of wage or the method of payment, including periodic allowances, but excluding allowances and incentives.
Claim Journey of Payment Order
The series of actions that take place on the payment order from the time of being registered on the Etimad Platform until being approved or rejected.
Claim Journey for Disbursement
The series of procedures that take place on a disbursement order from the time it is registered on the Etimad Platform until it is approved or rejected.
Debt Service Letter
A document that outlines the terms, conditions, and schedule for repaying a debt, including the amount, interest, and payment dates.
Private Sector Participation (PSP) Law
A law regulating the transfer of ownership from the public sector to the private sector to ensure the proper organization and management of operations.
Fiscal Balance Program (FBP)
A financial plan or strategy implemented by a government to manage its budget and fiscal policies, aiming to achieve a specific fiscal outcome.
Debt Extinguishment
The gradual repayment of a loan through scheduled payments or the systematic reduction of an intangible asset’s value over time.
Acceleration Clause
A provision in a loan or contract that enables early repayment upon breach of terms or financial distress.
Service Recovery
The process of handling and resolving beneficiaries' complaints or problems to restore their satisfaction.
Customer-Centric Service Recovery
Handling beneficiary complaints or issues with empathy, speed, and effective solutions.
Beneficiary-Centric Product Design
A strategic approach to developing products with features and characteristics that directly address beneficiaries' needs, wants, and pain points.
Kyoto Convention (Customs)
The expression commonly used to denote the International Convention on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures, adopted by the Customs Cooperation Council in Kyoto in 1973.
Emerging Digital Economy
The shift to an economy driven by digital technologies, including e-commerce, fintech, blockchain, and AI-driven business models.
Economic Outlook
A forecast of future economic conditions based on trends, indicators, and policy analysis.
Control Frame (COSO)
A process, influenced by the entity's board of directors, executive management, and other individuals, that is designed to provide assurance that the entity is achieving its objectives that are related to operations, operating, reporting, and compliance with laws and regulations.
Control Commitment
To make sure that the government entity adheres to all control regulations.
Consortium
A group of companies bidding together for a project. In a PPP this enables companies to bring together all capabilities required for the project (construction, operation, and financing).
Internal Control Framework
A data structure that organizes and categorizes an organization's internal controls, they are practices and procedures that are put in place to create added value and reduce enterprise risks.
Economic Revitalization
A process aimed at improving or reinvigorating a stagnating or declining economy, often through investments, job creation, and infrastructure development.
Non-Oil Economy
Economic sectors and activities that do not involve the production, extraction, or sale of petroleum or oil-related products.
Final Cash Consumption Expenditure of Households
Household spending for direct satisfaction of needs or wants through monetary transactions. It is generally associated with the domestic concept that includes expenditures made by households, regardless of nationality or residence, within the economic territory of the country.
Control Environment
A set of standards, processes, and activities that provide the basis for carrying out internal control procedures in the entity.
Economic Reform
Changes or improvements made to the economic policies or systems to enhance efficiency, growth, and stability.
Conglomerate Merger
A merger between companies in unrelated industries to diversify business operations.
Knowledge Economy
An economy based on the production and management of knowledge and information, rather than physical goods.
Economic Recovery
The phase following a recession where the economy starts to grow again, with increased production, job creation, and rising confidence in markets.
Economic Transformation
A significant change in the structure of an economy, often transitioning from agrarian to industrial or from industrial to a service-based economy.
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