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Budget Scenario by Ceiling
A financial plan in which the total appropriations requested for the next year in the forms must not exceed the initial ceiling value of the amount allocated to the entity, provided that it includes the entity’s inevitable expenses.
Exchange Rules
The regulations, rules, procedures and instructions proposed by the Board of Directors of the Exchange and approved by the Board of the Capital Market Authority.
External Reclassification
A reallocation between an entity’s budget items, such as from a program, project, expenditure, or other budgetary categories.
Internal Reclassification
A reallocation between an entity’s budget items within the same category, such as from one program to another, or from one project to another.
Government Gross Public Debt
The total outstanding debt of a government, including both domestic and external debt, before considering assets or debt held by government agencies.
Public Debt Management
Strategies used by governments to handle public debt effectively.
Exchange of Information Agreement
An agreement to improve international tax compliance, which provides for the exchange of financial accounts information on a regular basis.
Interest Rates
A percentage that represents the cost or return generated by a loan or certain saving instruments.
Financial Statements
Are formal reports that present an organization's financial performance, position, and cash flows, including the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement.
Tax
An obligatory financial deduction from a normal or legal person who pays the state free amount of money in order to achieve public benefit.
Dividend Yield
A financial ratio that indicates how much a company pays in dividends relative to its stock price.
Budget Surplus or Deficit
The difference between revenues and expenditures. When revenues are higher than expenditures, the budget surplus is achieved, while the budget deficit is when expenditures exceed the revenues.
Operating Expenses
Total government spending on wages, salaries, allowances, purchase of goods and services, maintenance of fixed assets, social security programs, government support, grants, subsidies, and other operating expenses.
Government Entity-Specific Framework Agreement
A formal agreement between a specific government entity and one or more suppliers, contractors, or service providers, containing the terms and conditions of contracts to be awarded during a specified period, typically limited to meeting the specific needs of that government entity only.
Tax Refund
A refund request is submitted by the taxpayer or a representative with an official power of attorney. The Zakat, Tax and Customs Authority shall review the request, verify the existence of excess amounts paid by the taxpayer, and complete the procedures for refunding those amounts within thirty days from the date the Authority receives the request.
Collateral
Collateral, for the purposes of the Client Money Rules and Client Assets Rules, means money or an asset which has been paid for in full by a client and which is held by the Capital Market Institution or under its charge, either for its own account or under the terms of a deposit, pledge or other pledge arrangement.
Capital
The financial resources, assets, or funds available to individuals, businesses, or governments, which can be used for investment, operations, or as a financial cushion.
Default Probability
A measure of the likelihood that a borrower will default on its debt obligations. It is often expressed as a percentage and is used by investors to gauge risk.
Debt Capital Markets
A division of investment banking responsible for raising capital through the issuance and trading of debt securities.
Risk Management
The process of identifying and assessing financial risks, and establishing the necessary measures to avoid them, mitigate, or minimize their impact.
Adjusted Provision
Approved amount for spending on public expenditures, programs, and projects of a budgetary year after adjustment either to be increased or to be decreased by reclassifications or reinforcement in a fiscal year.
Credit Against Revenue
Amount approved in the budget, which is funded by entity’s revenue.
Payment Order
Prepared by government agencies to disburse financial dues to individuals, government agencies, or the private sector via a transfer or check.
Government Spending
The total amounts that the government spends on public services, infrastructure, and social welfare.
Receivable Revenue
Revenue owed by others to the state treasury that has not been collected
Cash Flow
The movement of money in and out of a business or individual's finances, typically categorized into cash flow from operations, financing, and investing activities.
Audit Plan
A systematic approach that defines the objectives, scope, procedures, and timeline of the financial audit.
Property
A plot of land, building, facility or real estate unit with specific descriptions that is owned by virtue of a title deed.
Opening Financial Position Statement
A first-time adopter’s statement of financial position at the date of adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSASs).
Reclassification Amounts
Amounts to be reclassified by decision from (workers’ compensation, goods and services, programs, and projects) by entity's budget.
Private Sector Participation (PSP) Project
A Public-Private Partnership (PPP) project, a Divestment Project, or both, depending on the context.
Actual Disbursements
Actual disbursement of the entity's financial provisions during the current fiscal year.
Profit Margin
A financial metric that shows the percentage of revenue that remains as profit after expenses.
Royalty
Payment or payments received for the use of or the right to use intellectual rights, including, but not limited to, copyright, patents, designs, industrial secrets, trademarks and trade names, know-how, trade and business secrets, goodwill, and payments received against the use of information related to industrial, commercial or scientific expertise, or against granting the right to exploit natural and mineral resources.
Debt Instrument
Tradeable instrument creating or acknowledging indebtedness issued by companies, the government, public institutions or public organizations.
Saudi Central Bank
The entity responsible for formulating and implementing monetary policies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with the aim of supporting price stability and enhancing financial stability.
Indirect Financial Impact
The financial benefits resulting from initiatives that help avoid future costs, without directly affecting approved budget items.
Amortization
The systematic allocation of the depreciable amount of an intangible asset over its useful life.
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