Your gateway to comprehensive financial knowledge with more than 2000 financial and economic terms
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Behavioral Finance
A field of finance studying how psychological biases influence investment and financial decisions.
Decentralized Finance (DeFi)
A blockchain-based financial system that operates without traditional banks or intermediaries.
Predictive Feedback
A system’s ability to anticipate a user’s needs or actions and provide relevant feedback or suggestions before the user explicitly requests it.
Securities Crowdfunding
Offering securities through a securities crowdfunding platform to the subscribers of that platform, by a capital market institution authorized to carry out arranging activity.
Activation
The process of enabling and mobilizing the partners you've recruited to perform valuable activities for your business (e.g. sharing a link, making a referral, or closing a deal).
Execute Works at the Contractor's Cost
To withdraw and execute the works at the contractor's cost and expenses.
Intergenerational Mobility
The ability of individuals to improve or change their economic status relative to their parents.
Portfolio Diversification
The practice of spreading investments across different asset classes to reduce risk.
Threat
Any circumstance or event that could negatively impact an organization, its mission, functions, credibility, reputation, and assets.
Smuggling
The importation or attempted importation of goods with intent to defraud the revenue.
Documentation
The creation, management, and storage of written or digital records, reports, contracts, and other paperwork that document business and financial activities.
Essential Supply
The goods or services supplied by a Seller (Supplier) and ultimately received by the End Customer.
Continuous Supply
The provision of goods or performance of services continuously across a defined period.
Taxable Supplies
Goods on which the tax is imposed, either in the standard rate or at the zero rate with deducting the associated input tax, in accordance with the provisions of The Unified Agreement for VAT of GCC, VAT law, and its implementing regulation.
Sourcing
The process of finding, evaluating, and selecting suppliers, partners, or resources to obtain goods, services, or inputs for an organization.
Rating Outlook
An opinion provided by credit rating agencies about the future direction of a credit rating. It can be positive, negative, stable, or on review, indicating whether the creditworthiness of the entity is likely to change.
Beneficiary Expectations
The perceived value or benefits a beneficiary seeks from a product or service. Beneficiary expectations are typically formed based on the beneficiary's previous experience or through the experience of a friend or individual from an organization.
Investment Rating
This term is applied to financial institutions, bonds and investment instruments with a minimum BBB- or higher by Standard & Poor's, Baa3 or higher by Moody's, BBB- or higher by Fitch International for long-term ratings.
Structural Diversification
The process of diversifying a portfolio or business by investing in or developing assets, products, or markets with different characteristics or risk profiles.
Consensus
A general agreement or shared opinion among experts, analysts, or stakeholders regarding market trends, forecasts, or investment decisions.
Debt Consolidation
The process of combining multiple debts into a single loan with more favorable repayment terms.
Intra-GCC Supplies
Goods or services supplied by a supplier residing in a member state of the GCC to a customer residing in another member state.
Supplies subject to Reverse Charging
Supplies on which the Customer is obliged to pay the VAT due under the Reverse Charge Mechanism.
Tax-Exempt Supplies
Goods on which the tax is not charged, and the associated input tax is not deducted, in accordance with the provisions of the Unified Agreement for VAT of the GCC, the VAT law, and its implementing regulation.
Expansion of Excise Tax Scope
Any change to the excise tax legislation or any issuance of decisions in the kingdom which results in additional categories of goods becoming subject to tax.
Financial Forecast
A prediction or estimate of future financial performance, often including revenue, expenses, profit, and other key financial metrics, used for planning and decision-making.
Commitment Culture
The commitment culture to ethical values, professional behavioral standards and beliefs, which the entity seeks to implement to achieve the desired results, in accordance with the Governance Law and Internal Control Law in the entity.
Adjustable Interest Rate (AIR) Table
A financial tool showing variations in interest rates over time for adjustable-rate loans.
Monthly Account Schedule
A report that covers all actual financial expenses of items from the budget provisions, revenues and the intermediary accounts. This report covers all financial periods.
Auditee Entity
The entity or individual being audited in financial and business audits, referring to the organization or person under examination.
Payment Order Status
The status of the payment order from its creation until its disbursement (under approval, approved, awaiting disbursement, payment has been made ... etc.).
Emergency Case
A serious situation that poses an immediate risk to the public security, public health life, property, or environment, or in which there is a breach that threatens loss of life or property and cannot be dealt with by the normal competition procedures.
Quotation Acceptance Status
The status of accepting the quotation on a Etimad platform.
Optional Registration Limit
The minimum actual value of supplies according to which a taxpayer can to register for VAT purposes, if his annual revenue is between SAR 187,500 - 375,000.
Obligating Event
An event that creates a statutory or constructive obligation and results in the entity having no realistic alternative to settle that obligation.
Financial Caution
The practice of managing finances, budgets, and economic policies in a cautious, responsible, and careful manner to ensure financial stability and sustainability.
On-Demand Account
A call deposit account is a bank account for investment funds that offers the advantages of both a savings and a checking account.
Investment Attractiveness
The appeal of an investment, based on factors like risk, return, and market conditions.
Economic Attractiveness
The appeal of a country or region for investment and business due to its economic policies and conditions.
Beneficiary Acquisition
The process of acquiring new beneficiaries or clients, which includes attracting individuals or entities—such as private-sector companies or strategic partners—who have not yet utilized the services provided.
Rated Entity
A legal person whose creditworthiness is explicitly or implicitly rated in the credit rating (including the issuer of the security to be rated), whether or not it has solicited that credit rating and whether or not it has provided information for that credit rating.
Beneficiary Effort
The amount of work that customer needs to do to get the service or solve their problem to achieve their goal.
Holder of Excise Goods
Any person who is in the possession of excise goods (the holder of excise goods is not necessarily the owner).
Invitation Status
The status of the private sector invitation indicates whether it has been accepted or rejected by the private sector.
Urgent Situation
A situation in which the implementation of business or securing purchases, in a short time, is essential and urgent to ensure the safety of the workflow of the government entity.
Status of Offers
The status of the financial and technical offers that are submitted by contractors or suppliers to the government body in accordance with the tender specifications to obtain the competition.
Payroll Implementation Status
It indicates the status of the implemented, either as a new or returned from the government body, or returned to it.
Payroll Payment Status
The condition of the payroll in terms of completing the process of payment.
Production Volumes
The quantity of goods or services produced by a business or industry within a specific time period, typically measured in units or volume.
Reservations Up to Date
All obligations based on the project, whether they are contracts, bills, or salaries.
Domestic Traffic
The transport of goods carried within the territory of a State for discharge in a place within the territory of the State itself.
Client Account
An account at a local bank which is in the name of a Capital Market Institution and fulfils the conditions required by the Client Money Rules.
Nostro Account
A foreign bank account through a local bank branch in foreign currency. It facilitates payments in foreign currencies to beneficiaries outside the Kingdom.
Crowdsourcing
The process of obtaining ideas, services, or funding from a large group of people, typically via the internet.
Harvesting Tax Losses to Reduce Tax Liabilities
Selling investments at a loss to offset taxable gains and reduce tax liabilities.
Tariff Quota
Any pre-set value or quantity, authorized for importation or exportation of given goods, during a specified period, with a reduction of the Customs duties, and beyond which any additional quantity of these goods can be imported or exported by paying normal Customs duties.
Ownership Right
The right to which a right owner is entitled to all the benefits of this right in a specific way, including the right to use, utilize and dispose of.
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