Your gateway to comprehensive financial knowledge with more than 2000 financial and economic terms
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Trade Volume
The sum of exports and imports of goods and services over a specific period of time.
Economic Movementabilty
The ability of individuals or groups to move up or down the economic ladder over time.
Trade War
A situation where countries impose tariffs or trade barriers against each other, affecting global trade.
Public
Rules on the Offer of Securities and Continuing Obligations, the Instructions on the Price Stabilization Mechanism In Initial Public Offerings and the Instructions on Issuing Depositary Receipts Out of the Kingdom.
Payroll Status
The status of the treated payroll on the system of employee’s financial rights, according to a statement from the Central Bank of Saudi Arabia.
Financial Claim Status
A financial statement indicating the status of a claim on the Etimad platform, classified as: under process, approved, returned, or canceled.
Credit Limit
The maximum amount a borrower can spend on a credit account before repayments are required.
Mandatory Registration Limit
The minimum actual value of supplies according to which a taxpayer becomes obligated to register for VAT purposes, if his annual revenue exceeds 375,000 SAR.
Service Account
An account used for running services or software with access to data and resources.
Aggregate Account
A special account for the concentration of revenues collected through SADAD in the Saudi Central Bank for each government body.
Account with Discretionary Authority
In the Merger and Acquisition Regulations, an account with a Capital Market Institution who is authorized to carry on managing activities, with the power to make investment decisions without prior reference to the holder of the account.
Solutions
Approaches or methods used to address or solve problems, challenges, or meet specific needs in business or other contexts.
Quantum Computing in Finance
The use of quantum computing for faster financial modeling and risk analysis.
Advisory Service
A service of a professional or advisory nature including - without limitation - preparing studies and research, the development of specifications, plans and designs, supervision of their implementation, such as the services of accountants and lawyers.
Tax-Deferred Account
A financial account where taxes on earnings are postponed until withdrawals.
Quota
A predetermined or fixed quantity or share of a resource, such as imports, exports, or production, often set by government regulations or agreements.
Share of GDP by Sector
The proportion of GDP contributed by a specific economic sector (such as agriculture, industry, or services). This share helps determine the importance of a particular sector in the national economy.
Capital Injections
Providing additional funds or capital to a company or financial institution to strengthen its financial position or support its operations.
Regulated Financial Services
Financial services that are governed by laws and regulations on what financial institutions are allowed to do.
Public Service
Any service directly or indirectly provided by a government agency, whether essential services, for the purpose of providing goods or services to the public, or non-essential services, for the purpose of supporting governmental activities and functions.
Training Plan
A structured program or strategy outlining the goals, content, and activities for employee or skill development through training.
Value-Base Duties and Tax
Any duties and taxes which are calculated on the basis of value of goods or services rather than on quantity or weight.
Customs Line
The line corresponding to the political borders separating the state from its neighboring states, and to the shores of the seas surrounding the country.
Acceleration Letter
A formal notice sent to a borrower informing them that their loan must be repaid immediately.
Letter of Intent
Document (may or may not be binding) between different stakeholders in a consortium expressing their interest to be an equity shareholder in the upcoming project and bid as a consortium.
Carbon Credits
Units representing the reduction or removal of one metric ton of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, used as a way to offset emissions.
Reference Number for Financial Claim
A reference number issued by Etimad for the financial claim when the claim is created.
Digitization of Economy
The transformation of economic activities through digital technologies, improving efficiency and connectivity.
Reverse Mortgage
A loan that allows homeowners, typically seniors, to convert home equity into cash.
International Securities Identification Number (ISIN)
A unique identifier assigned to securities, helping investors and regulators track and trade financial instruments.
Payroll Reference Number
An identification number used to track payroll and entitlements transactions recorded in the financial rights system, which includes salaries, entitlements, and employee compensations for a single primary entity.
Payment Order Reference Number
A sequential identifier code issued by Etimad assigned to each payment instruction for the purpose of transaction traceability, audit compliance, and financial control verification.
Reference Number of Disbursement Order
A dedicated identification number issued by the Etimad platform assigned to each disbursement order to facilitate tracking, auditing, and verification of payment and financial disbursement operations.
Entity Code
Administrative organization code registered in the Ministry of Finance system.
Currency Symbol
The universal currency code in which the contract is registered on the system.
Adjustable-Rate Mortgage (ARM)
A home loan with an interest rate that changes periodically based on market conditions.
Entrepreneurship
The process of starting and managing a business, taking on financial risks in hopes of profit. Entrepreneurs drive innovation and economic growth.
Reasons for Buying Specification Booknote
Reasons for the participation of the supplier or the contractor in the bidding.
Orderbook
A record of buy and sell orders for a financial instrument, such as stocks or bonds, indicating the current market demand and supply, which can impact prices and trading activity.
Money Velocity
An economic measure that tracks the number of times a single unit of currency is used to purchase goods and services over a specific period of time.
Debt Ceiling
A limit set by the government on how much debt it can accumulate, requiring Congressional approval to raise it.
Digital Supply Chains
An integrated system that relies on modern technology to manage the movement of goods, data, and funds across all stages of production and distribution, from the supplier to the end customers.
Salary scale
A table showing the prescribed salary for each grade or job level, including allowances and incentives, if any.
Maturity Year
Employee's monthly salary slip is paid, every year according to Gregorian calendar, in which the entitlement, deductions and monthly allowances are shown.
High-Risk Bonds
A bond with a high risk of default and a low credit rating, often offering high returns to compensate for the risk.
Service Capacity
It is the maximum total number of transactions or operations that a call center can process during a given period of time.
Exchange Rate
The value of one currency in terms of another (e.g., 1 USD = 0.92 EUR). It fluctuates due to market forces, government policies, and economic conditions.
Floating Interest Rate
A loan or investment rate that adjusts based on market conditions.
Circular Supply Chain
A supply chain model focused on sustainability through recycling and resource efficiency.
Municipal Bond
A debt security issued by a state, municipality, or local government to fund public projects. Credit ratings for municipal bonds assess the issuer's ability to make interest and principal payments.
Floating Rate Note (FRN)
A debt security with an interest rate that fluctuates based on a specific reference rate or benchmark, offering periodic interest payments that vary with market conditions.
Share
Share of any company wherever incorporated. The definition of “share” includes every instrument having the characteristics of equity.
Quote-Driven Market
A market structure where prices for financial instruments are primarily determined by quotes or bids from market makers or dealers.
Person
Any natural or legal person recognized as such under the laws of the Kingdom.
Mixed Companies
Companies incorporated and residing in Saudi Arabia for tax purposes, and whose shares are owned by Saudi individuals (and those who are treated as Saudis for income tax purposes) and non-Saudis.
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