Your gateway to comprehensive financial knowledge with more than 2000 financial and economic terms
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Risk-Adjusted Return
A measure of return that accounts for the level of risk involved in an investment.
Zakat Year
The Zakat payer's fiscal year, that is, the time period that shows the earnings of the Zakat payer’s activities. The fiscal year can be: Hijri or Gregorian, short (less than12 months), long (a full year of 12 months), and at the beginning or end of the activity.
Offering Exchange Shares or Convertible Debt Instruments
An offer in which the exchange includes shares or convertible debt instruments of the offeror.
Contract of Establishing
A legal document that grants certain rights, privileges, or permissions. In finance, it can refer to a corporate charter or articles of incorporation.
Takeover Offer
An offer (other than by the offeree company itself) made to the holders of the securities of the offeree company which has as its objective the acquisition of control of the offeree company.
Executive Board Member
In the Capital Market Institutions Regulations, a member of the board of directors who is full-time in the executive management of the Capital Market Institution and participates in its daily activities.
Leasing Contract
A contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to use an asset (the subject asset) for a period of time in exchange for consideration.
Smart Contract
Self-executing contracts with terms written into code, typically on blockchain networks.
Executory Contracts
Contracts under which neither party has performed any of its obligations, or both parties have partially performed their obligations to an equal extent.
Beneficiary Relations
The strategies, processes, and activities used to manage and nurture interactions with beneficiaries.
Long Standing Relationship
A connection or association between individuals, businesses, or entities that has endured over an extended period of time.
Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A)
The consolidation of companies through financial transactions such as mergers and takeovers.
Client
A person for whom a Capital Market Institution executes securities transactions.
E-invoicing
A procedure aimed at converting the billing process and paper amendments into an electronic process that allows the exchange of invoices and their amendments and processing in an organized electronic format between the seller and the buyer in an integrated electronic format.
Claim's Cycle from Payment Order' Registration on the System
Series of actions that take place on the claim from the date of registration on the Etimad Platform to the date of its approval in the financial system and before disbursement.
Digital Currencies
Digital assets built on blockchain networks that represent ownership or utility within a specific ecosystem.
Sales Commission
The commission paid to the seller’s agent who is related to the seller or the factory, governed by or acting for its favor or on its behalf.
Execution-Only Customer
A customer for whom the authorized person only deals as agent in accordance with instructions provided by the customer and whom an authorized person does not advise.
Compound Interest
A type of interest calculated on the initial principal amount, plus the accumulated interest from previous periods.
Policy Effectiveness
The assessment of how well a policy or set of rules achieves its intended objectives and whether it has the desired impact on a given issue or problem.
Producer Surplus
The difference between the price a producer is willing to accept and the actual selling price.
Tax Period
The period of time during which the Net Tax must be accounted. In Saudi Arabia, the tax period is either a calendar month or calendar quarter.
Creditworthiness
The assessment of an individual's or organization's ability to meet financial obligations, repay debt, and manage credit responsibly, affecting their access to credit and terms of borrowing.
Red Team
A group that simulates an adversary or competitor to provide security feedback from that perspective.
Change Database
A database for tracking and managing change requests and their versions.
Customs Law
The statutory and regulatory provisions relating to the importation, exportation, movement or storage of goods, the administration and enforcement of which are specifically charged to the Customs, and any regulations made by the Customs under their statutory powers.
Cabinet Decision
An official document in a designated form expresses the cabinet's will.
Interest-only Loan
A loan where only the interest is paid for a certain period, with the principal paid later.
Payday Loan
A short-term, high-interest loan intended to cover expenses until the next paycheck.
Public Sector
The part of the economy controlled or operated by government entities, including government agencies, public services, and state-owned enterprises
Promising Economic Sectors
Industries with high potential for growth and profitability.
Award Value
The amount specified for awarding the bidding which is determined by the owner of the bidding (the government entity).
Market Fair Value
An estimate of the price at which a particular asset or investment could be sold in an open and fair market, serving as an indicator for valuing financial assets.
Percentage of Discount
The percentage of discount on the competing supplier’s offer, if any.
Time Value of Money (TVM)
The financial principle stating that the value of a certain amount of money today differs from its value in the future, due to its potential to be invested and earn returns or because of inflation, making current money more valuable than the same amount in the future.
Scope Limitation
A restriction or constraint on the extent or applicability of a study, audit, or examination, often due to practical, resource, or other limitations.
Black Money
Some people falsify their accounts and fail to record all transactions in their books of account to avoid paying taxes. Thus, money that is not recorded and accumulates illegally is called illicit gains.
Technical Competency
The knowledge, skills, and expertise required to perform technical tasks or functions, often relevant in job qualifications or project execution.
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