Financial and Economic Dictionary

Circular Economy

An economic model that minimizes waste by reusing, repairing, and recycling resources.

Economic Activities

Operations that involve the production, exchange, or distribution of goods and services within the economy. This includes all activities undertaken by economic institutions or individuals to achieve value-added or economic output.

Developed Economies

Countries that have high levels of economic growth, advanced infrastructure, strong industrial and service sectors, as well as high per capita income and living standards.

Overall Economic Productivity

A measure of how efficiently an economy utilizes its resources to produce goods and services.

Green Economy

An economic system focused on sustainability and reducing environmental impact.

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Considerations

ESG considerations refer to the evaluation of a company's impact on the environment, society, and corporate governance practices, often used for responsible investing and risk assessment.

Blue Economy

The sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth, improved livelihoods, and jobs, while preserving the health of ocean ecosystems.

Economies of Scale

The cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to their scale of operation, with cost per unit decreasing as the size of the operation grows.

Emerging Economies

Countries experiencing rapid economic growth, transitioning from developing to developed economies, with improvements in infrastructure, industry, and increased foreign investments.

Cash Concentration

It is the transfer of funds from diverse accounts into a central account to improve the efficiency of cash management and liquidity.

Circular Carbon Economy

A sustainable economic model that focuses on reducing, reusing, recycling, and recovering carbon to minimize environmental impact.

Platform Economy

An economic model that relies on digital platforms (apps or websites) to connect individuals or businesses with each other to exchange goods or services. In this model, the platform does not own the products or services itself, but facilitates the exchange between users.

Economic Productivity

The efficiency of resource use in producing goods and services, measured as output per unit of input.

الإنفاق الرأسمالي الثابت

Cartel

A group of businesses or countries that coordinate to control prices and limit competition.

Customs Warehousing Procedure

A Customs procedure under which imported goods are stored under Customs control in a designated place (a Customs warehouse) without payment of import duties and taxes.

Judicial Jurisdiction

Legal authority of a court to hear and decide cases within a defined geographical area, including the organizational and legal boundaries that govern its operation and rules.

Job Performance

An employee's effectiveness and productivity in carrying out their work tasks and responsibilities.

Affiliated Management

It is represented by three-digit numbers of the entity code, which identifies the name of the main department in the entity.

Portfolio Management

The professional management of investment portfolios to achieve specific financial goals.